The management of localized prostate cancer remains one of the most controversial areas in urological oncology. While long-term survival is expected regardless of the initial treatment strategy, the probability of cure remains less than desirable. With an increasing number of patients diagnosed with localized at an earlier age, the issue of curability has become even more relevant. Long-term survival is no longer considered an adequate measure of success. In this review, we look at recent advances in radiation therapy of localized prostate cancer and their impact on the outcomes in this disease.

There are several treatment options available for patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. One of the determining factors to choose the most suitable treatment is whether the tumor remains inside the prostate gland, or it has extended beyond it. Radical prostatectomy consists of surgically removing the entire prostate, as well as the adjacent lymph nodes.